Kohlbergs Theory Essay

PSYCHOLOGY 112Table of contents* interpolation* Definition of Kohlbergs Theory* vantage in Kohlbergs Theory* detriment in Kohlbergs Theory* vista* RecommendationIntroductionLawrence Kohlbergs submits of honorable evolution constitute an adaptation of a psychological possibility originally conceived by the Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget. The theory holds that incorrupt cogitate, the basis for ethical behavior, has sextette classifiable developmental confronts, separately more able at responding to honorable dilemmas than its predecessor. Kohlberg determined that the solve of honorable development was principally bear on with umpire, and that it continued throughout the individuals lifetime, a notion that spawned dialogue on the philosophical implications of such(prenominal) research. For his studies, Kohlberg relied on stories such as the Heinz dilemma, and was interested in how individuals would reassert their actions if placed in similar deterrent example dile mmas.He then analyzed the organize of moralistic ratiocination displayed, rather than its conclusion, and sort out it as belonging to cardinal of six distinct stages Kohlbergs six stages piece of ass be more generally separate into three aims of two stages each pre- schematic, conventional and post-conventional. Following Piagets constructivist requirements for a stage model, as described in his theory of cognitive development, it is extremely r atomic number 18 to rejoin in stagesto lose the use of high stage abilities. point in times fucknot be skipped each provides a new and necessary perspective, more comprehensive and differentiated than its predecessors but integrated with them. Kohlbergs TheoryThe stage of object lesson cultivation/Moral Reasoning1. Pre-conventional level2. ceremonious level3. short letter-conventional level..Psychologist, studied the reasoning ability & vitamin A recognizing where a electric razor is at according to stages can facilitate identify how nipper may palpate about illness ,moral reasoning & international ampere cognitive stages of development.LEVEL STAGE/ geezerhood CHARACTERISTICS Pre conventional Stage 1(2 to 3 y/o)Stage 2(4 to 7 y/o) Obedience and penalisation orientation(How can I avoid penalization?) A child place him the ripe thing because he was told to do so to avoid punishment.Self-interest orientation(Paying for a benefit)Child dental caries out actions to satisfy his own inescapably rather than the societys.The child does something for some other if he gets something in return. Conventional Stage 3(7/10 y/o)Stage 4(10/12 y/o) Inter individualal accord and conformity(The candid antheral child/good girl attitude)A child follows rules because of a need to be good person in own eyes & in the eyes of the othersAuthority and social- clubhouse maintaining orientation(Law and order theology)A child follows rules of authority figures as wholesome as boots to keep the carcass working . Post conventional Stage 5(older than 12y/o)Stage 6(older than 12 y/o) Social contract orientation(Utilitarian Law making Perspective)A child follow standards of society for the good of peopleUniversal ethical principles(Principled conscience)A child follows internalized standards of conduct.Advantages of the Kohlbergs theoryThe ability to empirically test the individual for where they are in their moral development, along with offering a basic expression for creating entirely communities relevant both within and outside student affairs. Moreover, Kohlbergs model offers insight as to why an individual may be pull inking out justice establish on what stage they are in. 2. Kohlbergs theory essentially provides a roadmap for moral presupposeing that otherwise did not exist. 3. It unwittingly offers benchmarks for where one might be in their moral development based on their life situation. 4. Offering a structure for just communities. It was Kohlbergs hope that he would emp loy his theory to create communities that were collaborative, held each other accountable, and had philosophical and educational discussions to barely both the individual and the group in their moral development (Kohlberg, 1971, 1972). It offers a locale for individuals to discuss a number of so-called or moral dilemmas while at the same time furthering development through cognitive dissonance.Disadvantages in Kohlbergs theoryGender differences that motivate moral reasoning cultural differences in regards to the Western cultures versus the non-Western cultures the model being a hard stage model the focus of justice over care and at long last the use of hypothetical decision making over real life dilemmas in the opinions. 2. Gender differences in moral reasoning. hum Gilligan (1982/1983) was strongly opposed to Kohlbergs model mainly on the basis of sexual activity. As stated, Kohlberg originally based his theory on a study of young male individuals excluding women. Gilliga n (1982/1983) argued that Kohlbergs theory incorporated a gender bias directly into the theory as well as the assessment tools. Moreover, she argued Kohlberg ignored a womens moral orientation to a response of care. several(prenominal) studies have shown that looking at responses to the quietuss Defining Issues Test (DIT) ( recess, 1986a) and Moral Judgment Interview (MJI) (Colby, et al, 1987), men slant to be more justice orientated and women more care oriented, and especially so when they take on the traditional gender roles (Rest, 1986b Walker, 1984).This is concerning since Kohlbergs theory is truly justice oriented. It may be more delicate to get an accurate answer about where a woman is in moral development in regards to Kohlbergs stage model than a male. 3. Cultural and Religious. righteousness can play a major(ip) factor in an individuals personal and moral development. Both Rest (1986) and Dirks (1988) found that a number that righteousness was a factor in moral deci sion making. Rest (1986) found that those access from a liberal perspective tended to name higher in moral development than others. Dirks (1988) found that those with an evangelical belief system are less likely to take part into the post conventional stage. In ground of cultural differences there is likely a difference in moral reasoning in Western cultures versus non Western cultures. The care for systems often differ vastly and as such may not be able to fit in to one particular stage in Kohlbergs theory. Western cultures tend to be more individualistic (Miller & Bersoff, 1992). While this line may seem minute, the validity of a theory must be well-tried across gender and culture. In this regard, Kohlbergs theory is not as applicable to other cultures because it is based off a values system that is very ofttimes Americanized. Ironically, a theory that seeks to promote universality is not as universal as it should be.OpinionKohlbergs Theory covers the moral develop ment stages of an individual and I look at this theory is a huge serve well for a person, especially those who have children. Kohlbergs theory may serve as guide on how a parent would treat their childs behaviour. Parents would make why their child is behaving in such manner and they can make disciplinary action or decision on how to correct or improve dreadful behaviour. And guide them in developing their sniff out of religion. And make them an honest and morally raise person.By knowing this theory we can also examine ourselves. Reflect and think of situation we encountered in our life and how we reacted to it. By doing so, we will know what level of ethical motive we fit in.I think morality depends on a persons point of view. We can only separate its wrong if its against the fairness but the morality issue of the person really depends on what his conscience tell him.RecommendationLawrence Kohlberg theory of Moral organic evolution gives a detailed explanation on how a c hild develops morally. This theory is infrequent because we now have an overview about morality and we now have guidance if we are on the right track or not. We can now assess our level of morality. And we can now choose what level we want to be.Report byMr.Dennies Dela CruzMs.Iris Vi P.De JesusBSCMorality is the ability to see an issue from points of view other than just your own. Lawrence Kohlberg